Political Corruption and Countries Essay

Corruption is a word with many meanings and each of them depends on the ad hoc social and political context in which it is used (Brown, 2006). Nowadays this phenomena is closely connected with political creation and business sphere. In developing countries mainly frugal field is attached by this task. In the nineties when those countries accepted official bribery and a ample misuse of public money the level of subversion has increased (Hwang, Jung & Lim, 2010). Lots of flaws that still exist in the system of those countries wipe out caused this complicated problem. First of all(prenominal), it is the selfishness and voracity of citizenry.According to Johnson, despoilion appears in a weak civil society (as cited in Causes of Corruption, 2001, parity bit 3). It elbow room that the lack of moral values and ethics is the main cause of decadency. A survey which was conducted in southwestern Africa proves this detail, because 31 per cent of hoi polloi pointed this antec edent as the most common one (as cited in Causes of crookedion, 2001, para 6). Secondly, a nonher factor that caused this problem is the lack of strict punishment. For instance, the author Schumpeter comp atomic number 18s corruption with eruption and says that corrupt raft do take bribes because it is in their purpose (Schumpeter, 2010).They keep getting money by illegal appearance because they always have the possibility to avoid serious punishment. Thirdly, corruption thrives when bad governance makes it impossible to control. As, H. L. Mencken give tongue to Every election is a sort of advance auction sale of stolen goods. (Stossel, 2009, para 6). So, it is always central to choose the right person to be on the head of a unpolished because he or she would have an enormous power. Otherwise, corruption would have the negative effect and consequences on the economic development.First of all, it would subject the growth of business benefits in developing countries. In the presence of corruption, businessmen ar aw atomic number 18 of the fact that bribing is acceptable and obviously they would commit corrupt proceedings (Mauro, 1997). For example, those entrepreneurs would avoid regular tax paying. Secondly, this phenomenon contradicts with the democratic opportunities and lowers the war-ridden ability of the countries as well. It has been proved that corruption has a negative impact on investment and economic growth because it lowers the marginal productivity of capital (Hwang, Jung & Lim, 2010).As a result this factor breeds to the economic part in developing countries because the budget money has been stolen in spacious amounts. Different types of researches, whether in the international or in local level have showed that the problem still stays as one of the spicy topics. Firstly, over the past few years, some(prenominal) $10 billion worth of oil, cars, telecom equipment, and cigarettes has passed illegally done the Fujian port across from T aiwan (Robberts & Clifford, 2000). Secondly, one recent data estimated that in that respect was a 1.15 per cent decrease in economic growth in 40 countries because of the corruption effects (Hwang, Jung & Lim, 2010). From the examples of these studies it is seen that developing countries are suffering from the horrible affects of economic corruption. The population does not get any profit from a huge amount of natural resources that they own because all the investments are stolen by the local elites and corrupt officials (Craggs, 2005). Current nibs of the presidential term officials such as anti-corruption programs are not enough. The problem needs sincerely effective and working solutions to be done in a short period of time.The first solution is that the government should encourage alert public participation in anti-corruption plans. The major reason of the flourishing corrupt practices is the permissions misconception most it. People give bribes and think that they are be nefiting from it. There is not much consensus in their actions and most of them do not consider the consequences (as cited in Causes of corruption, 2001, para 11). But the problem such as corruption requires embodied actions and the balanced burden of responsibilities (Ngozi, 2008).It would be much better if tidy sum stop taking bribes and risk to cover up about corrupt practices that they have witnessed. Obviously this measure would process to prevent the problem with the roots. There are some(prenominal) advantages that it could bring. Firstly, people would enjoy the benefits of a democratic society. They are likely to value the chance of act in governments anti-corrupt programs. By taking part in the governments plans the authority will create serious office towards the problem as well (Limit corruption, 2006). Secondly, the power against corruption would sound even stronger.The government alone faces lots of difficulties and troubles in the way of solving this problem (Sc hweiker & Trofimenko, 2009). There is not much help from the authoritys side. But cooperate actions would be really helpful in realization of anti-corruption programs. Thirdly, people would get a good knowledge of the real situation. The reason for such an arising skirmish is that almost everyone is be convinced by propaganda and entertainment efforts of the media (Hinz, 2005). It has buy the farm very easy to change peoples viewpoint, they often tend to believe what is written in the newspapers and shown on TV screen.But instead of this, each of them would personally investigate the issue and report to the justice officials about the cases of corruption. However, this solution has one discriminate as well. It definitely requires some period of time. It is impossible to immediately reformulate peoples attitude towards money. The majority of the human authority is elusive in bribery because it has become a way of action and a form of economic survival for them (Hors, 2000). Th ey have got used to it, so it would be hard to determine the problem quickly. But combined job of the government and the authority would definitely bring positive effects in the future.Finally, cooperate actions of ordinary people with politicians would be beneficial in preventing negative affects of corruption on economic development of the countries. The second solution is that the government should use strict methods of punishment against people involved in corruption. For example, nowadays in the governmental field lots of doubtful situations occur. Politicians spend a huge amount of money, nearly 70 percent of their budget, on TV and Internet advertising campaigns (Hinz, 2005). But later on the elections most of those popular individuals forget about their promises to improve the economy.As a result, corruption creates uncertainty, such as a galactic regime collapse, which indeed seriously lowers a countrys economic dexterity (Hwang, Jung & Lim, 2010). Also nowadays ordinar y people also have got used to solve their small problems by giving bribes. For instance, people have to pay even for an ordinary process such obtaining civil documents (Hors, 2000). In any case, regardless of their social status and power each of those persons deserves cruel punishment. They must get a prison sentence and realize the seriousness of the problem.The usage of different methods of strict punishment has some(prenominal) advantages. Firstly, people would be afraid of committing corrupt proceedings. The set of strong rules and regulations will definitely keep them in train way. For example, in Russia the recent law against corruption has made it possible to reduce corruption factors and make its effects less harmful for business field (Business in Russia, 2009). Secondly, every person would be equal in front of the law face. It means that no one would be able to avoid the court. Even the powerful people will have to accept the given punishment.The case with Mukhtar Dzh akishev, the former head of the Kazatomprom can be a bright sample. At the first time he was under the police investigation, but and then Mr. Dzhakishev was arrested because the facts about his corrupt experiences have been proved (Lillis, 2009). However, this kind of solution has one disadvantage. It needs quite big amount of money. Proper and correct investigations of those cases definitely require professional judges. The government would have to pay really good salaries for all of them. Low payment is one of the main reasons to extract bribes from citizens (Causes of corruption, 2001).Only high salaries could help to prevent such practices. But cruel methods of punishments are indeed likely to stop people from committing corrupt proceedings. Overall, individuals would be aware about the consequences that might happen because of their illegal acts. The third solution against corruption is that the government officials should take some active anti-corruption initiatives. Unfortun ately the phenomenon called corruption has always been connected with the politics. The author Stossel (2009) states that, in fact, being in a big government means being involved in big corruption(para 2).Nowadays every $100US one million million of stolen money in developing countries could fund ammunition for 4 million children, or approximately 250 thousand water connections for households, or 50-100 million treatments for malaria (Ngozi, 2008). But politicians do not come along to care and make any serious efforts in combating this significant problem. They are definitely the head of the country and everything takes its root from their actions. Those individuals should serve as the real representatives of justice and fight globose anti-corrupt actions. This possible solution has several advantages. Firstly, people would not show aggressive behaviour.For instance, one recent data proved the fact that global political efforts impact positively on organizational legitimacy and s trategic decision making (Rodriguez, Uhlenbruck & Eden, 2005). The reason is that big conflicts between public and the government can be easily solved in cooperating societies. Secondly, this measure would bring global economic progress to the countries. Unfortunately, nowadays in developing nations leaders consider themselves as commanders and think only about their personal interests. They have forgotten that such a serious problem as corruption requires actions in international level.Leaders should become faithful and hardworking persons in post to build useful relations with other countries in the world. For example, last year U. S. and world leaders have made a meeting to combat global corruption and operate policies against it, reports Transparency International (Fight against Corruption, 2009). Thirdly, there would be real control and discipline in the society. According to the recent United Nations report, detailing permeant corruption in Afghanistan, the Afghan government is often unable to deliver basic services, such as security, food or shelter, or protect communities from lawlessness. (Vlasic & Noell, 2010). While, EU countries has created the project in order to improve all aspects of governance in its member states (Romer, 2010). Developing countries should also make such steps to fight corrupt experiences. However, this measure could bring one disadvantage. Obviously, it would need some period of time. It is really impossible to reformulate wholly political system immediately. Every year in developing countries alone, political officials receive bribes up to several billion dollars. Overall, in order to change this existing reality, the government officials of developing countries must make some cooperate efforts.In conclusion, it seems that developing countries are facing all the present economic difficulties because of the corruption. This phenomenon has indeed become one of the most significant problems in modern society. Combination of s erious and workable solutions must be done in order to prevent its negative impact. Mainly government must encourage peoples participation in anti-corruption programs. Then political officials have to take active measures like meetings in international level. Also those individuals who have broken the law and committed illegal acts must be penalize strictly.After all, if the governments of developing countries do all these efforts, the level of corruption in economic field would decline. References Brown, A. (2006). What are We Trying to Measure? Reviewing the Basics of Corruption Definition. Measuring Corruption. Retrieved on November 07, from http//books. google. com/books? hl=ru&lr=&id=k06/ Business in Russia (2009). Interfax Russia & CIS Business Law Weekly. Retrieved on November 07, from http//proquest. umi. com/ Causes and Conditions of Corruption (2001). Corruption in South Africa, Results of an Expert